Introduction to English Grammar,
3rd edition


By Sidney Greenbaum & Gerald Nelson
December 2009
Pearson Education
ISBN: 9781405874120
277 pages
$57.50 Paper Original

Description

Contents

Proposed Table of Content

Preface to the Third Edition

Acknowledgements

Introduction

i. What is grammar?

ii. Grammar and other aspects of language

iii. Grammars of English

iv. National and regional varieties

v. Standard English and non-standard English

vi. Variation according to use

vii. Descriptive rules and prescriptive rules

viii. Why study grammar?

ix. How this book is organised

PART 1: THE GRAMMAR

Chapter 1. The Parts of a Simple Sentence

1.1 How we analyse sentences: Structure, form, and function

1.2 Subject, predicate, and verb

1.3 The operator

1.4 Do, Be, and Have

1.5 Subject and verb

1.6 Subject

1.7 Transitive verbs and direct object

1.8 Direct object and indirect object

1.9 Direct object and object complement

1.10 Linking verbs and subject complement

1.11 Intransitive verbs and adverbials

1.12 Adverbial complement

1.13 The meanings of the sentence elements

1.14 The basic sentence structures

EXERCISES

Chapter 2. Word Classes

2.1 Open and closed classes

2.2 Word classes and word uses

2.3 NOUNS

2.4 Noun classes

2.5 Number

2.6 Genitives

2.7 MAIN VERBS

2.8 Regular verbs and irregular verbs

2.9 Classes of irregular verbs

2.10 AUXILIARY VERBS

2.11 The passive auxiliary

2.12 The progressive auxiliary

2.13 The perfect auxiliary

2.14 Modal auxiliaries

2.15 The meanings of the modals

2.16 ADJECTIVES

2.16 Attributive adjectives and predicative adjectives

2.17 Gradability and comparison

2.18 ADVERBS

2.19 The meanings of adverbs

2.20 Gradability and comparison

2.21 PRONOUNS

2.22 Personal pronouns

2.23 Possessive pronouns

2.24 Reflexive pronouns

2.25 Demonstrative pronouns

2.26 Reciprocal pronouns

2.27 Interrogative pronouns

2.28 Relative pronouns

2.29 Indefinite pronouns and numerals

2.30 Pronoun one

 2.31 DETERMINERS

2.32 Central determiners

2.33 Predeterminers

2.34 Postdeterminers

2.35 The articles and reference

2.36 PREPOSITIONS

2.37 CONJUNCTIONS

EXERCISES

Chapter 3. The Structures of Phrases

3.1 The phrase types

3.2 NOUN PHRASES

3.3 Central determiners

3.4 Premodifiers

3.5 Postmodifiers

3.6 Relative clauses

3.7 Appositive clauses

3.8 Coordination of noun phrases

3.9 Noun phrase complexity

3.10 Functions of noun phrases

3.11 VERB PHRASES

3.12 The forms of main verbs

3.13 Tense, person, and number

3.14 Aspect

3.15 Voice

3.16 Expressing future time

3.17 The ordering of auxiliaries

3.18 Finite and non-finite verb phrases

3.19 Mood

3.20 Phrasal verbs

3.21 ADJECTIVE PHRASES

3.22 Functions of adjective phrases

3.23 ADVERB PHRASES

3.24 Functions of adverb phrases

3.25 PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

3.26 Functions of prepositional phrases

EXERCISES

Chapter 4 Sentences and Clauses

4.1 Sentence types

4.2 Declaratives

4.2 Questions

4.3 Imperatives

4.4 Exclamatives

4.5 Active sentences and passive sentences

4.6 Positive sentences and negative sentences

4.7 Simple sentences and complex sentences

4.8 Compound sentences

4.9 Subordinate clauses

4.10 Non-finite clauses and verbless clauses

4.11 Functions of subordinate clauses

4.12 There structures

4.13 Cleft sentences

4.14 Anticipatory it

EXERCISES

PART 2: THE APPLICATIONS

Chapter 5. Common Usage Problems

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

5.1 And, or, nor.

5.2 With

5.3 Collective nouns

5.4 Indefinite pronouns

5.5 Quantity phrases

5.6 Singular nouns ending in -s

5.7 Who, which, that

5.8 What

5.9 There is, There are

 5.10 Citations and titles

CASE

5.11 Subject Complement

5.12 Coordinated phrases

5.13 After as and than

5.14 After but

5.15 After let

5.16 Who, whom

5.17 Case with -ing clauses

VERBS AND AUXILIARIES

5.17 Problems with auxiliaries

5.18 Lie, lay

5.19 Present tense

5.20 Past tense and the -ed participle

5.21 Past tense and the past subjunctive

5.22 Multiple negation

ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS

5.23 Confusion between adjectives and adverbs

5.24 Comparison

5.25 Only

5.26 Dangling modifiers

EXERCISES

Chapter 6 Style in Writing

EMPHASIS

6.1 End-focus

6.2 Front-focus

6.3 There-structures and cleft sentences

6.4 Parenthetic expressions

CLARITY

6.5 End-weight

6.6 Misplaced expressions

6.7 Abstract nouns

6.8 Modifiers in noun phrases

6.9 Subordination

6.10 Parallelism

6.11 Repeated sounds

6.12 Pronoun reference

CONSISTENCY

6.13 Pronoun agreement

6.14 Tense consistency

EXERCISES

Chapter 7. English in Use

7.1 Register variation

7.2 Spoken English and written English

7.3 The language of conversation

7.4 Unscripted speeches

7.5 Sports commentaries

7.6 Email English

7.7 Chatroom English

7.8 Text Messages

7.9 The language of literature

7.9.1 Foregrounding

7.9.2 Ambiguity

EXERCISES

Chapter 8. Punctuation

8.1 Punctuation rules

8.2 Sentence fragments and fragmentary sentences

8.3 Run-on sentences and comma splices

8.4 Coordinated main clauses

8.5 Direct speech

8.6 Citations

8.7 Questions

8.8 Restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses

8.9 Restrictive and non-restrictive apposition

8.10 Adverbial clauses

8.11 Vocatives and interjections

8.12 Using commas to avoid misunderstanding

8.13 Genitives of nouns

8.14 Genitives of pronouns

EXERCISES

Chapter 9: Spelling

9.1 Spelling, pronunciation, and meaning.

9.2 Spelling variants

9.3 Spelling rules for short and long vowel sounds

9.4 Suffixes

9.5 Prefixes

9.6 Other aids to spelling

9.7 Homophones: Words pronounced similarly

EXERCISES

GLOSSARY

FURTHER READING

INDEX

Features


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